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Human Trial
Concludes L-Carnitine Better Than Testosterone in Treating Erectile
Dysfunction and Depression in Males
Journal of Urology, April, 2004 |
The April
2004, issue of the journal Urology published the findings of Italian
researchers that the amino acid L-carnitine was more active than
testosterone in improving symptoms of aging in men, such as sexual
dysfunction and depression, associated with the decline of
androgenic hormones.
One hundred twenty men between the ages of 60 and 74 with symptoms
of low testosterone were randomized to receive 160 milligrams orally
administered testosterone undecanoate, 2 grams propionyl-L-carnitine
plus 2 grams acetyl-L-carnitine per day, or a placebo for a six
month period. Prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, nocturnal
penile tumescence, total and free testosterone, prolactin,
luteinizing hormone, erectile function scores, depression, fatigue
and other parameters were assessed before treatment, at three
months, and after the treatment period.
Erectile function, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction and nocturnal
penile tumescence increased over the course of the study in the
group receiving testosterone as well as the group receiving L-carnitine.
In addition, the group receiving L-carnitine experienced an increase
in orgasm and general sexual well-being. Erectile function and
nocturnal penile tumescence were significantly improved in this
group than in those receiving testosterone. While both treatments
lowered depression scores, L-carnitine's effect was greater.
Predictably, treatment with testosterone increased serum total and
free testosterone and decreased luteinizing hormone levels, but L-carnitine's
effect on these hormones was not significant. Treatment with L-carnitine
was not associated with an increase in prostate volume as was
testosterone treatment after six months. PSA levels did not increase
in any of the groups.
Fatigue was likewise improved in both groups. As one negative
effect, the men taking testosterone developed enlargement of their
prostates, which did not occur in the carnitine-treated group.
Although both testosterone and L-carnitine improved symptoms of male
aging, there was overall superior benefit to L-carnitine with no
real side effects.
L-carnitine is an essential nutrient. It has vitamin-like qualities.
It is considered essential in helping to transport fatty acids into
mitochondria (the power plants of the cells). A deficiency in L-carnitine
can therefore result in an overall reduction in energy production by
the cells. It is well known that individuals can become L-carnitine-deficient
for a number of reasons. L-carnitine, aside from being an incredible
anti-aging nutrient, also has shown benefit for multiple medical
conditions, including cardiovascular disease such as angina and
congestive heart failure, liver and kidney disease, obstructive lung
disease, and many others. L-carnitine has actually even shown
benefit in AIDS patients. Although it is unusual to see physicians
prescribing vitamins in the hospital, Acetyl l-Carnitine is
routinely prescribed by kidney specialists for their patients, since
the kidney is a major site of L-carnitine synthesis.
Although tissue L-carnitine levels have been found to be positively
associated with sex hormone levels, the findings of this study show
that the compound's action is not strictly linked to sex hormone
blood levels. L-carnitine's mechanism of action against reactive
oxygen species (ROS) is different than conventional anti-ROS
compounds tried for conditions associated with male aging, which may
help explain its effectiveness.
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